1.
git clone git@server:username/repo_name.git - basic command that usually you don't need to remember as you copy it from Git SCM/VCS directly.
2.
git pull - retrieves metadata info from origin and brings the changes. git pull = git fetch + git merge. git pull --rebase = git fetch + git rebase.
3.
git fetch - retrieves metadata only.
4.
git diff origin - allows you to compare your local changes to the fetched remote changes. If you don't fetch before, this comparison might not reflect real state of the remote.
5.
git diff origin/master - same as above.
6.
git diff origin/master -- src/path_to_file/file.extension - executes a diff operation on a single explicitly specified file.
7.
git status - allows you to view current state of the branch.
8.
git checkout -b new_branch_name - allows you to checkout a new branch. Local changes only.
9.
git push - allows you to push the local changes to remote. If will show error if you don't have a remote branch, providing the command how to get one as output.
10.
git push --set-upstream origin new_branch_name - full command to push a new branch to remote. Usually you don't need to remember it as it is included in the output message of the git push command when no remote branch exists.
11.
git checkout master - checks out master branch.
12.
git checkout branch_name - attempts to checkout an existing branch with the name: "branch_name".
13.
git add . - adds all local changes to the changes to be committed.
14.
git add src/path_to_file - adds a specific file to the changes to be committed.
15.
git commit -m "Message" - commits the changes, creating a local commit.
16.
git diff origin/master origin/branch_name - allows you to compare master to a specific branch.
17.
git log --oneline --graph origin/master..origin/custom_username - allows you to observe the commit differences between branches.
18.
git log -n 10 --oneline - lists the last 10 commits in a shortened oneline form
19.
git branch -r --list *keyword* - will allow you to search for all branches which contain the keyword in their name.
20.
git merge master - allows you to merge master into your currently checked out branch.
21.
git rebase master - allows you to rebase master into your currently checked out branch.
22.
git mergetool - used when you are solving conflicts from console, to launch the configured merge tool. It can be vim by default, or TortoiseGit, which I prefer.
23.
:wq! - vim command to write and quit the vim interface.
24.
:q! - vim command to quit without committing.
25.
i - enter edit mode in vim.
26.
ESC - exit edit mode in vim.
27.
git clean -fd - remove all, let's say, unnecessary files and folders.
28.
git reset --hard origin/branch_name - resets current branch to the remote state, discarding all changes.
29.
git reset --soft origin/branch_name - resets current branch to the remote state, preserving changes in an uncommitted state.
30.
git checkout commit_id - checks out a specific commit by its ID.
31.
git checkout . - checks out current directory state, resetting it to the HEAD. Basically used to discard current changes.
32.
git reset --hard HEAD~2 - resets current branch to the HEAD - 2 commits behind, while not preserving the changes in those 2 commits. You can do this for virtually any number of commits.
33.
git cherry-pick commit_id - cherry picks a commit into current branch.
34.
git push -f - force push to remote of the branch. Necessary if you've done git rebase master and your local and remote branches diverged.
35.
git branch -d branch_name - allows to delete local branch, when no local changes exist compared to remote.
36.
git branch -D branch_name - allows to force delete local changes, even if local changes exist.
37.
git branch -a - show all branches, including remote.
38.
git branch -r - show remote branches only.
39.
git branch - shows local branches only.
40.
git push --delete origin branch_name - deletes the remote branch.
41.
git branch -m new_branch_name - renames the branch. This does not affect remote branch name.
42.
git branch -M new_branch_name - renames the branch, if it has only Capital Letter Changes.
43.
git branch --set-upstream-to origin/remote_branch_name - changes the upstream of the currently checked out branch.
44.
git checkout -b branch_name --track origin/remote_branch_name - creates a new branch that tracks an existing remote branch.
45.
git stash - saves your current changes into a stack that you can apply or pop later.
46.
git stash push -m "some comment" - saves your current changes into a stack that you can apply or pop later, with comment
47.
git stash list - List all stash.
48.
git stash apply stash@{n} - Apply stash under n index, keeping it there. If you want to remove the stash, use pop instead
49.
git stash apply - applies your saved changes to current branch while preserving them in stash.
50.
git stash pop - applies your saved changes to current branch while removing them from stash.
51.
git revert HEAD - reverts the latest commit on your branch by adding a revert commit.
52.
git revert HEAD~1 - reverts the latest commit - 1 on your branch by adding a revert commit.
53.
gitk - embedded into git bash history viewer tool.
Useful standalone tools: TortoiseGit
Merge vs rebase visual comparison:
EASY TO COPY LIST:
git clone git@server:username/repo_name.git
git pull
git fetch
git diff origin
git diff origin/master
git diff origin/master-- src/path_to_file/file.extension
git status
git checkout -b new_branch_name
git push
git push --set-upstream origin new_branch_name
git checkout master
git checkout branch_name
git add .
git add src/path_to_file
git commit -m "Message"
git diff origin/master origin/branch_name
git log --oneline --graph origin/master..origin/custom_username
git log -n 10 --oneline
git branch -r --list *keyword*
git merge master
git rebase master
git mergetool
git clean -fd
git reset --hard origin/branch_name
git reset --soft origin/branch_name
git checkout commit_id
git checkout .
git reset --hard HEAD~2
git cherry-pick commit_id
git push -f
git branch -d branch_name
git branch -D branch_name
git branch -a
git branch -r
git branch
git push --delete origin branch_name
git branch -m new_branch_name
git branch -M new_branch_name
git branch --set-upstream-to origin/remote_branch_name
git checkout -b branch_name --track origin/remote_branch_name
git stash
git stash push -m "some comment"
git stash list
git stash apply stash@{n}
git stash apply
git stash pop
git revert HEAD
git revert HEAD~1
gitk
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